Hazel Cramer received her B.A. from Case Western Reserve University and her Ph.D. from Cornell University in French literature and linguistics. She held Fulbright grants for study at the Universities of Aix-Marseille and Nancy, France. Her current research interests include Francophone literature and civilization, second language education, and ESL. In preparation for teaching commercial French, she earned certificates from the Chambre de Commerce et d'Industrie in Paris, and recently was awarded a grant for incorporating electronic technology in literature courses. Dr. Cramer is a State University of New York Distinguished Teaching Professor and Professor of French Emerita and a Lecturer at Ithaca College.